Varieties of papayas
Among
the many varieties of papayas found in almost every region of the world, here
are some of them which are common and lead the market.
- Mexican Red / Yellow papaya
- Hawaiian Sunrise / Sunset papaya
- Bettina papaya
- Guinea Gold papaya
- Hortus Gold papaya
- Kamiya papaya
- Kapoho papaya
- Peterson papaya
Mexican and the Hawaiian papayas are the most common varieties in the world at the moment as well as in the south asian region.
What is the best time to plant papaya?
Papaya can be grown in
all over the year. However, there are scientific proven season times that favors
the plantation which have less pests and diseases problems to the plantation. Hence these seasons have a potential of giving you
better yield. There are basically three (3) seasons which papaya can be
planted.
- During spring season, between February and march.
- · Monsoon season between June and July.
- · During autumn season between October and November.
It is not recommended to plant during the winter. but in south asian countries, there is no considerable temperature drop during the winter and so papaya can be planted during any time of the year.
Fertilisation
For steady growth, plants required necessary and appropriate
organic substances. Manure are simply waste products of cows, goats, pigs etc or you can use fertilisers. Nutritional and mineral contents like Boron, Magnesium, potassium, phosphorus,
calcium which are essential for the crop’s growth and strength. Manure can be done just near to the root of the plant, the by making a pit or any other suitable arrangement.
Realistically, it takes five month from plantation to a point where a plant begins producing flowers. fertilisers should be applied at frequent intervals to build a strong and healthy plant. Main content in fertilisers are nitrogen which formulates a strong lignin tissue, potassium which formulates plant cell walls and phosphorus. Annually a single plant takes a dose of 400g, 250 g, and 400g of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium respectively. Always remember the fertilisation should be done with a proper water supply.
Boron and calcium play a important role in papaya plantation, as the papaya yield might be wasted if these minerals are not sufficient.
Realistically, it takes five month from plantation to a point where a plant begins producing flowers. fertilisers should be applied at frequent intervals to build a strong and healthy plant. Main content in fertilisers are nitrogen which formulates a strong lignin tissue, potassium which formulates plant cell walls and phosphorus. Annually a single plant takes a dose of 400g, 250 g, and 400g of nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium respectively. Always remember the fertilisation should be done with a proper water supply.
Boron and calcium play a important role in papaya plantation, as the papaya yield might be wasted if these minerals are not sufficient.
Boron and calcium deficiency |
Pests and Diseases
Like any other crops,
papaya plants face a lot of diseases. pest and insects are among some of
them. Some common pest and insects which attacks the plants are, stem borers, aphids and mealybug. The pest and insects may also cause to spread the diseases unless control at the beginning.
Treatments for Diseases
Mealybug attack |
Treatments for
Neglecting to treat the plants may lead to
unpleasant results. there are few actions to be taken at the beginning of the disease.
These chemicals are different from country to country by their name. so it is advisable to seek advice from professional before spray chemicals / poisons.
Harvest Time
- Destroy the diseased plants (Burn)
- Introduce natural enemies / predators such as plantation friendly ants.
- wash with high speed water flow
- Cover the yield by using some bags
- spray soap water
- Use Organic Insecticides
- Use suitable chemical
These chemicals are different from country to country by their name. so it is advisable to seek advice from professional before spray chemicals / poisons.
Harvest Time
Nothing makes a farmer
happy other than harvesting time. Papayas are left on the tree until they fully
mature. When the appropriate harvesting time comes, the papayas are carefully pluck and sorted on the
basis of weight, size and colour.The readiness of the fruit can be seen when the
papaya’s colour changes from green to pale green or yellow. The more yellowish the colour
is, the ready it is to be reaped. Proper care need to be taken when packing the
fruits because they be easily distorted.
It is recommended to wash the papaya with slightly hot water soon after plucking to remove sap and use plastic buckets to store and transport.
It is recommended to wash the papaya with slightly hot water soon after plucking to remove sap and use plastic buckets to store and transport.
Global market price and ratings
Papayas are cultivated
mainly for domestic consumption and commercial export. According to reports large boxes of papaya goes at 6 Euros per
box whilst small sizes goes at 4 Euros per box, making a price of
two (2) papayas at 1 euro. On
average 50_70 thousand tons of papayas
are exported to European countries and the price of 1kilo in south asian countries is average 0.25 USD to 0.5 USD.
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